Public Health: What It Is and How It Works, 2nd Edition
CHAPTER 7: PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS
After completing this part of the textbook, learners will be able to:
list general categories of public health programs and services
describe the difference between community prevention and clinical preventive services
describe the major steps in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of a public health program
describe how and when planning and evaluation occur during the life of a program
define and develop outcome, impact, and process objectives
describe the relationships among activities, process measures, impact measures, and outcome measures in the evaluation of a program
explain the difference between doing things right and doing the right things within the context of a public health intervention
Read Chapter 7 of Public Health: What It Is and How It Works, 2nd edition.
Review each of the debate positions from the previous modules. Identify the position that you feel is most compelling in this debate and why. Submit your response and review the reactions from other learners.
Submit your Board of Health Report. In addition, begin the series of individual exercises for learners listed below. Several of the Internet web sites you visited in earlier modules will be useful for exercises related to this section.
Work with your group to complete the Public Health Practice Exercise 2 assignment.
After completing this chapter, take the self-assessment quiz for Chapter 7.
Each learner is required to attend a meeting of an official board of health and to provide a brief report on that meeting (no more than 300 words describing the issues raised, interests represented, and roles demonstrated by the board at that meeting). Since most boards of health meet only once a month, it is important that you plan this visit well in advance.
In addition, each learner will submit a brief response (approximately 100 words) to each of the following discussion questions and exercises.
How are planning and evaluation related to program implementation?
What are outcome, impact, and process objectives, and how do they contribute to program evaluation? Identify a health problem related to workplace safety (Exhibit 7-1) and an intervention that can reduce the level of that problem. Provide examples of possible outcome, impact, and process objectives for that intervention.
If your program is meeting its activity and process measures but not affecting impact and outcome objectives, what should you do? If a program is not meeting its activity and process objectives, what should be done?
Why is the definition of a health problem so important to program management?
What is the principle of "outcome displacement," and how does it affect programs and bureaucracies?
What is the difference between doing the right things and doing things right in public health?
If more extensively utilized, which of the clinical preventive services identified in Appendix 7-A will be most effective in addressing health problems related to occupational safety and health (Exhibit 7-1)?
Each group will complete Public Health Practice Exercise 2. Completion of this exercise extends over the period covering Chapters 5 through 7 of the course.
This is a compendium of additional references and web links to selected sources cited in the readings. Also included are selected materials that have become available since the publication date of the text. All links to case studies, web sites, and other documents can also be found on the "Additional Resources" site.
CDC Office of Program Planning and Evaluation. Effectiveness of Disease and Injury Prevention. MMWR 1997;46(4):73-76.
Framework for Program Evaluation in Public Health. CDC/MMWR Sept 17, 1999; Vol 48:RR-11.
A brief self-assessment quiz is available by clicking on Quiz 7.
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